The main risk factors for heart and vascular disease are:
Hypertension
This is commonly known as “high blood pressure”. The increase in our overall life expectancy has led to a substantially higher prevalence of this diagnosis among men and women over 45 years of age.
Smoking
Smoking severely harms the body: it raises the pulse rate as well as the blood pressure, increases the concentration of clotting factors in the blood and increases blood viscosity. It raises levels of LDL (“bad” cholesterol) in the blood and reduces the levels of HDL (“good” cholesterol) further constricting blood vessels. Smoking also contributes to the onset of sclerosis.
Cholesterol and Blood Fats (Triglycerides)
Cholesterol and triglycerides (blood fats) play a significant role in the onset of sclerosis.
Genetics – Familial Tendencies
Genetics are a central factor in determining a person’s likelihood of contracting a coronary disease.
Obesity
The morbidity and mortality rates from heart disease are far higher among obese individuals.
Diabetes
There is a strong correlation between the duration and severity of diabetes and the likelihood that the sufferers will contract a coronary disease.
Psychological Factors
Stressful situations or severe emotional distress (emotional trauma, stress) may serve as contributing factors for a myocardial infraction (heart attack).
